Buchi DuMaster D-480 User Manual download pdf (Page 152)

Operation Manual D-480 ©BÜCH Labortechnik AG

7 - Using the instrument 152

Mean value

The mean value of "n" element concentrations is computed with this formula:

whereas:

/c = Mean value of concentrations

= Individual concentrations in the group

n = Number of group members

i = index from 1 to n

Absolute standard deviation

Absolute standard deviation is computed according to this formula:

whereas:

s = Absolute standard deviation

= Individual concentrations in the group

n = Number of group members

i = index from 1 to n

Relative standard deviation

Relative standard deviation is computed according to this formula:

whereas:

rel

= Relative standard deviation

s = Absolute standard deviation

/c = Mean value of concentrations

Delta

Delta is computed according to this formula:

whereas:

δ = Delta

max

= Highest element concentration in a group

min

= Lowest element concentration in a group

Manual peak integration

What is "manual peak integration"?

The instrument software offers the possibility to manually determine area values of peaks measured

during an analysis run.

Why manual peak integration?

Normally the measurement of the peak areas (integration) is done automatically in the control

electronic and/or the firmware of the analyzer itself. In few cases, it may be possible that the

automatic integration algorithm does not give satisfactory results, in particular if two peaks are

superimposed etc. In these cases the "manual reintegration" is recommended.

Peak types

In these instructions you will find different peak types. Their characteristics are listed in the follwing.

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Buchi DuMaster D-480 User Manual Page 152